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lmmunotherapy is considered the fourth pillar in the treatment against cancer, together with surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Since the approval of ipilimumab in 2011 for metastatic melanoma, many immunotherapy treatments have been approved. They have led to a clear increase in survival of patients with several cancers, including lung, kidney, head and neck, urothelial, bladder, colon with microsatellite instability, breast, and Hodgkin lymphoma. The clinical success of immune checkpoint blockade with anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and anti-programmed death (PD)-1/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L 1) inhibitors has encouraged the development of other immunotherapies. The new frontiers of immunotherapy are combination and sequence therapies, with the aim of reducing resistance, increasing responses, and decreasing toxicity. Furthermore, several innovative approaches are under evaluation: immune targets, adoptive cell transfer, and vaccines, all of which could increase the efficacy of such a strategy. In this book we discuss the most important advances in this field.
Fundamentals of tumour immunology
Giuseppe V. Masucci, Lisa Villabona
Immune oncology and immune responsiveness
Ena Wang, Domenico Mallardo, Francesco M. Marincola
The role of the tumor microenvironment
Assia Hijazi, Jérôme Galon
Biomarkers in immunotherapy
Giuseppe Palmieri, Vincenza Caridi, Nicola Normanno
Mechanisms of resistance to immunotherapies
Mariaelena Capone, Gabriele Madonna
Immunotherapy in metastatic melanoma
Claudia Trojaniello, Francesca Sparano, Paolo Antonio Ascierto
Immunotherapy and lung cancer
Alessia Spagnuolo, Cesare Gridelli
Immunotherapy in breast cancer
Liliana Ascione, Celeste Santoro, Dario Trapani, Giuseppe Curigliano
Immunotherapy in gastrointestinal cancer
Antonio Avallone, Alfredo Budillon
Immunotherapy in non-melanoma skin cancers
Lucia Festino, Margaret Ottaviano
Immunotherapy in urothelial cancers and renal cell carcinoma
Sergio Bracarda, Claudia Mosillo, Annalisa Guida
Immunotherapy in head and neck cancer
Paolo Bossi, Maria Grazia Ghi
Combination strategies
Omid Hamid, Francesca Sparano, Paolo Antonio Ascierto
Adoptive cellular therapy (ACT) in melanoma
Elham Nasrollahi, Diwakar Davar
Management of immune checkpoint inhibitor side effects
Benjamin Switzer, Douglas B. Johnson, Igor Puzanov
The role of gut microbiota in cancer immunotherapy efficacy
Serena Galiè, Carlotta Catozzi, Luigi Nezi
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