Preface vii
Acknowledgments ix
Contributors xvii
SECTION I
GENERAL THORACIC SURGERY 1
CHAPTER 13: Management of Pneumothorax
and Bullous Disease 112
Douglas Z. Liou
CHAPTER 14: Diagnostic Evaluation of Anterior
Mediastinal Masses and Approach to Thymic Tumors
via Sternotomy 119
Frank C. Detterbeck and Usman Ahmad
CHAPTER 1: Thoracic Endoscopy: Bronchoscopy,
Endobronchial Ultrasound/Endoscopic Ultrasound,
Mediastinoscopy 1
Yuki Sata and Kazuhiro Yasufuku
CHAPTER 2: Open Right-Sided Pulmonary
Resections 15
Larry R. Kaiser
CHAPTER 15: Thoracoscopic/Robotic
Thymectomy 129
Joshua Robert Sonett
CHAPTER 16: Transcervical Thymectomy 134
Larry R. Kaiser
CHAPTER 17: Resection of Posterior Mediastinal
Lesions 140
Joseph B. Shrager
CHAPTER 18: Minimally Invasive Antireflux
Surgery and Hiatal Hernia Repair 148
Abbas E. Abbas and Christopher R. Stone
CHAPTER 19: Advanced Endoscopic Esophageal
Procedures: EMR, ESD, POEM, RFA, PDT, Stenting 164
Melissa L. DeSouza and Lee L. Swanström
CHAPTER 20: Open Approaches to
Esophagectomy 171
Wayne Hofstetter, Cynthia Kassab, and Shanda H. Blackmon
CHAPTER 21: Minimally Invasive Approaches to
Esophagectomy 183
Natalie S. Lui
CHAPTER 22: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Achalasia
and Other Motility Disorders 191
Mark F. Berry
CHAPTER 3: Open Left-Sided Pulmonary
Resections 30
Larry R. Kaiser
CHAPTER 4: Right-Sided Thoracoscopic
Lobectomy 37
Joseph B. Shrager
CHAPTER 5: Left-Sided Thoracoscopic Lobectomy 47
Hai V. Salfity, Vignesh Raman, S. Scott Balderson,
and Thomas A. D’Amico
CHAPTER 6: Right-Sided Robotic Lobectomy 50
Ealaf Shemmeri and M. Blair Marshall
CHAPTER 7: Left-Sided Robotic Lobectomy 54
Stephanie H. Chang, Travis C. Geraci, and Robert J. Cerfolio
CHAPTER 8: Segmentectomy 62
Morihito Okada and Takahiro Mimae
CHAPTER 9: Pneumonectomy 73
Travis C. Geraci, Stephanie H. Chang, and Robert J. Cerfolio
CHAPTER 23: Lung Transplantation 206
Andrea Mariscal, Marcelo Cypel, and Shaf Keshavjee
CHAPTER 10: Bronchoplastic Procedures 82
Anna Maria Ciccone, Federico Venuta, Camilla Vanni,
and Erino A. Rendina
CHAPTER 11: Tracheal and Carinal Resection
and Reconstruction 90
Andrea L. Axtell and Cameron D. Wright
CHAPTER 24: Thoracic Outlet Procedures 216
Dean Donahue and Brett L. Broussard
CHAPTER 25: Chest Wall Resections 228
Doraid Jarrar and John C. Kucharczuk
CHAPTER 12: Lung Volume Reduction
and Tracheobronchoplasty 100
Fleming Mathew and Sidhu P. Gangadharan
CHAPTER 26: Resection of Superior Sulcus Non–small
Cell Lung Cancers (Pancoast Tumors) 235
Valerie W. Rusch

CHAPTER 27: Surgical Correction of Pectus Excavatum
and Carinatum 244
Dawn E. Jaroszewski
CHAPTER 43: Robotic Coronary Artery Bypass
Grafting 396
Daniel Lambert, Joshua S. Newman, and Nirav C. Patel
CHAPTER 28: Diaphragmatic Paralysis and Pacing 259
Britton B. Donato and Jonathan D’Cunha
C. Acquired Valvular Heart Disease 403
CHAPTER 44: Surgery for Complications of Myocardial
Infarction 403
Raymond J. Strobel, Andrew M. Young, and Irving L. Kron
CHAPTER 45: Degenerative Mitral Valve Repair:
Restoring Foundational Anatomy 416
Dimosthenis Pandis, Ahmed El-Eshmawi,
and David H. Adams
CHAPTER 46: Degenerative Mitral Valve Repair:
Respecting the Leaflets 432
Martin Misfeld and Michael Andrew Borger
CHAPTER 47: Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve
Surgery 440
Mario Castillo-Sang and Tom C. Nguyen
CHAPTER 48: Secondary Mitral Regurgitation:
Mitral Valve Repair, Annuloplasty, and Subvalvular
Procedures 460
Joseph Lamelas, Luna Santos Rabelo, and Hana Ajouz
CHAPTER 49: Chordal Sparing Mitral Valve
Replacement 470
Michael E. Ibrahim and Michael A. Acker
CHAPTER 29: The Thoracic Duct and the Management
of Chylothorax 269
Jarrod D. Predina and John C. Kucharczuk
CHAPTER 30: Pericardial Procedures 284
Nabil P. Rizk and Michael A. Spallone
CHAPTER 31: Surgical Management of Empyema 291
Naveed Z. Alam and Raja M. Flores
CHAPTER 32: Surgical Management of Malignant
Mesothelioma 297
Nosayaba Enofe and Joseph S. Friedberg
CHAPTER 33: Thoracic Sympathectomy
(Sympathicotomy) 307
Daniel L. Miller
SECTION II
ADULT CARDIAC SURGERY 315
A. General Considerations 315
CHAPTER 34: Incision and Cardiopulmonary Bypass 315
Robert B. Hawkins II and Alexander Brescia
CHAPTER 35: Myocardial Protection 327
Richard J. Shemin and Peyman Benharash
CHAPTER 50: Surgery for Mitral Endocarditis 473
Ayman Almousa and Chris C. Cook
CHAPTER 36: Prevention of Neurological Injury
in Cardiac Surgery 336
Jonathon P. Fanning, Steven R. Messé, and Michael A. Acker
CHAPTER 51: Mitral Annular Calcification 487
Jessica K. Millar and Gorav Ailawadi
CHAPTER 52: Percutaneous Mitral Repair:
Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair Devices 496
Robert Smith, Karim Al-Azizi, Timothy George,
Zuyue Wang, Lee Hafen, and Molly Szerlip
CHAPTER 53: Novel Transcatheter Mitral Repair
Devices 505
Kimberly A. Holst and Vinod H. Thourani
CHAPTER 54: Transcatheter Mitral Valve
Replacement 511
Walid Ben Ali, Olina Dagher, and Thomas Modine
CHAPTER 55: Tricuspid Valve: Repair and
Replacement 525
Hanghang Wang and James S. Gammie
CHAPTER 56: Minimally Invasive Tricuspid Valve
Surgery 534
Arthur J. Lee and Michael W. A. Chu
CHAPTER 57: Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve
Repair 542
Aditya Sengupta, Rebecca T. Hahn, and Gilbert H. L. Tang
CHAPTER 37: Reoperative Cardiac Surgery:
General Principles 347
Kenan W. Yount and John A. Kern
CHAPTER 38: Database 354
J. Hunter Mehaffey and Vinay Badhwar
B. Coronary Artery Disease 364
CHAPTER 39: Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Using
Cardiopulmonary Bypass 364
Laura A. Scrimgeour, Jacqueline K. Olive, Asishana A. Osho,
Tom C. Nguyen, and Robert S. D. Higgins
CHAPTER 40: Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery Using
Multiple Arterial Grafts 373
Mario Gaudino and Sigrid Sander
CHAPTER 41: Off-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass
Surgery 377
Fabio Ramponi and John D. Puskas
CHAPTER 42: Minimally Invasive Multivessel Coronary
Artery Bypass Grafting 391
Hugo Issa and Marc Ruel

CHAPTER 58: Transcatheter Tricuspid Valve
Replacement 556
Atsushi Okada, Rizwan Q. Attia, and Vinayak N. Bapat
CHAPTER 75: Minimally Invasive Maze Procedures
(Thoracoscopic and Subxiphoid Approaches) 726
Armin Kiankhooy and Gansevoort Dunnington
CHAPTER 76: Left Atrial Appendage Occlusion
Techniques 739
Marc W. Gerdisch
CHAPTER 59: Pulmonary Valve Replacement 561
Emily A. Downs and James J. Gangemi
CHAPTER 60: Aortic Valve Replacement 565
John S. Ikonomidis and Aurelie Merlo
CHAPTER 61: Aortic Annular Enlargement 573
Sarah T. Palmer, Chi Chi Do-Nguyen, Gorav Ailawadi,
and Bo Yang
CHAPTER 62: Minimally Invasive Aortic Valve
Replacement 580
S. Chris Malaisrie, Adwaiy Manerikar, and Doug R. Johnston
CHAPTER 63: The Ross Procedure 589
Charles Laurin, Elbert E. Williams, and Ismail El-Hamamsy
F. Surgery for Heart Failure 753
CHAPTER 77: Heart Transplantation 753
Aaron M. Williams, Adam D. DeVore, and Carmelo A. Milano
CHAPTER 78: Heart-Lung Transplantation 762
Dominick Megna and Pedro Catarino
CHAPTER 79: Durable Left Ventricular Assist
Devices 769
Alex M. Wisniewski and Leora T. Yarboro
CHAPTER 80: Minimally Invasive Left Ventricular
Assist Device 780
Aaron Sparks, Fred Chen, Masashi Kawabori, and Gregory S. Couper
CHAPTER 81: Right Ventricular Assist Devices:
Temporary and Durable 785
Nathaniel J. Parchment and Jonathan W. Haft
CHAPTER 82: Left Ventricular Reconstruction 792
Lorenzo Menicanti, Serenella Castelvecchio, Daniele Ronco,
and Matteo Scarpanti
CHAPTER 64: Transcatheter Aortic Valve
Replacement 603
David Blusztein, Robert Hull, and Isaac George
CHAPTER 65: Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Explanation: Techniques and Approaches 619
Shinichi Fukuhara
D. Thoracic Aortic Disease 627
CHAPTER 66: Annuloaortic Ectasia and Root
Aneurysms 627
Marc R. Moon and Puja Kachroo
CHAPTER 67: Ascending Aortic Aneurysms 635
Thomas G. Gleason
G. Other Cardiac 806
CHAPTER 83: Surgery for Hypertrophic
Cardiomyopathy 806
Hartzell V. Schaff and Fernando M. Juarez-Casso
CHAPTER 68: Bentall Procedure 646
Davut Cekmecelioglu and Ourania Preventza
CHAPTER 69: Aortic Dissection 659
Ourania Preventza and Clauden Louis
CHAPTER 84: Cardiac Tumors 817
Marvin D. Atkins and Michael J. Reardon
CHAPTER 85: Acute Pulmonary Embolus 826
Andrew Tully, Aakash Shah, Douglas H. Anderson, Zachary
Kon, and Bartley P. Griffith
CHAPTER 86: Chronic Pulmonary Thromboembolism
and Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy 834
Victor Pretorius and Michael M. Madani
SECTION III
CONGENITAL CARDIAC SURGERY 847
CHAPTER 87: Anatomy and Classification of
Congenital Heart Disease 847
Lindsay S. Rogers and Jill J. Savla
CHAPTER 88: Echocardiographic Evaluation of
Congenital Heart Disease 859
Meryl S. Cohen
CHAPTER 89: Cardiac Magnetic Resonance and
Computed Tomographic Angiography in Congenital
Heart Disease 874
David M. Biko and Mark A. Fogel
CHAPTER 70: Arch Aneurysms 674
Vicente Orozco-Sevilla, Marc R. Moon, Scott A. LeMaire,
and Joseph S. Coselli
CHAPTER 71: Descending Thoracic and
Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Open Repair 688
Puja Kachroo and Marc R. Moon
CHAPTER 72: Descending Thoracic and
Thoracoabdominal Aneurysm and Dissection:
Endovascular Repair 694
Barbara C. S. Hamilton, Himanshu J. Patel, and Minhaj S. Khaja
CHAPTER 73: Blunt Thoracic Aortic Injury 708
Julia Fayanne Chen, Jennifer Chia-Ying Chung, Miranda
Witheford, and Maral Ouzounian
E. Arrhythmias 715
CHAPTER 74: Surgical Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation:
Left Atrial and Biatrial Maze 715
Tari-Ann Yates and Ralph J. Damiano Jr

CHAPTER 90: Hemodynamic Assessment
and Transcatheter Therapy for Congenital
Heart Disease 908
Ari J. Gartenberg, Mudit Gupta, Matthew J. Gillespie,
and Jonathan J. Rome
CHAPTER 91: Anomalies of Systemic Venous
Drainage 926
Mark W. Turrentine and Jeremy L. Herrmann
CHAPTER 92: Palliative Operations for Congenital
Heart Disease 934
W. Jack Wallen and Carl L. Backer
CHAPTER 108: Pulmonary Stenosis and Pulmonary
Atresia With Intact Septum 1112
Andrew B. Goldstone and Emile A. Bacha
CHAPTER 109: Pulmonary Atresia With Ventricular
Septal Defect and Major Aortopulmonary
Collaterals 1126
Michael Ma and Frank L. Hanley
CHAPTER 110: Hypoplastic Left Heart
Syndrome 1136
Stephanie M. Fuller and Thomas L. Spray
CHAPTER 111: Superior Cavopulmonary Shunts:
Bidirectional Glenn and the Hemi-Fontan
Operation 1144
Timothy S. Lancaster and Jennifer C. Romano
CHAPTER 93: Patent Ductus Arteriosus 945
Tiffany Vaughan, Peter Chin, and Tara Karamlou
CHAPTER 94: Vascular Rings, Slings, and Other Arch
Anomalies 953
Emily A. Downs and James J. Gangemi
CHAPTER 112: The Fontan Operation 1153
Christopher E. Mascio
CHAPTER 113: Late Sequelae of the Fontan 1159
Constantine Mavroudis and Barbara J. Deal
CHAPTER 95: Atrial Septal Defects 970
Peter Pastuszko and Richard D. Mainwaring
CHAPTER 114: Anomalies of Pulmonary Venous
Return 1170
Rachel D. Vanderlaan and Christopher A. Caldarone
CHAPTER 115: Coronary Artery Anomalies in
Children 1184
Julie A. Brothers and Carlos M. Mery
CHAPTER 116: Ebstein Malformation of the Tricuspid
Valve 1199
Jose Pedro Da Silva and Luciana Da Fonseca Da Silva
CHAPTER 117: Mitral Valve Repair and Replacement
in Children 1210
Christian Brizard
CHAPTER 118: Aortic Valve Repair and Replacement
in Children 1224
Luke M. Wiggins, Ram Subramanyan, and Vaughn A. Starnes
CHAPTER 96: Ventricular Septal Defects 981
Constantine D. Mavroudis and Jonathan M. Chen
CHAPTER 97: Aortopulmonary Window 989
Tracy R. Geoffrion and Michael E. Mitchell
CHAPTER 98: Coarctation of the Aorta 996
Aaron W. Eckhauser
CHAPTER 99: Interrupted Aortic Arch Complex 1005
Jiyong Moon, Timothy S. Lancaster, Vikram Sood,
Jennifer C. Romano, and Richard G. Ohye
CHAPTER 100: Valvar Aortic Stenosis and Left
Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction 1016
Peter Chiu and Christopher Baird
CHAPTER 101: Anomalies of the Sinuses of Valsalva
and Aortico-Left Ventricular Tunnel 1026
Miroslav Peev, Luca A. Vricella, and Duke Cameron
CHAPTER 119: Pediatric Heart Transplantation 1235
Kriti Puri, Junsang Cho, and Iki Adachi
CHAPTER 102: Atrioventricular Canal Defects 1032
Peter Chiu and Pedro J. del Nido
CHAPTER 120: Lung and Heart-Lung Transplantation
in Children 1247
Garrett N. Coyan and Katsuhide Maeda
CHAPTER 121: Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
and Ventricular Assist Devices 1258
Kevin Kulshrestha, Awais Ashfaq, and David L. S. Morales
CHAPTER 122: Pacemaker and Implantable
Cardioverter Defibrillator Therapy in Pediatrics and
Adult Congenital Heart Disease 1272
Eric N. Feins and Elizabeth S. DeWitt
CHAPTER 123: Surgery for Adults With Congenital
Heart Disease 1283
Edward J. Hickey
CHAPTER 103: Truncus Arteriosus 1045
Douglas M. Overbey and Joseph W. Turek
CHAPTER 104: Contemporary Surgical Therapy for
Tetralogy of Fallot 1060
Charles D. Fraser Jr, Matthew F. Mikulski, and Andrew Well
CHAPTER 105: Double-Outlet Ventricles 1074
Joshua M. Rosenblum and Paul J. Chai
CHAPTER 106: Transposition of the Great
Arteries 1085
Reilly D. Hobbs and S. Adil Husain
CHAPTER 107: Congenitally Corrected Transposition of
the Great Arteries 1103
Bari Murtuza and Victor O. Morell
Index 1311