Contents
List of abbreviations ix
Foreword x
TNM staging of carcinomas of the breast 1
1 Introduction to tumours of the breast 5
2 Epithelial tumours of the breast 9
WHO classification of epithelial tumours of the breast 10
Benign epithelial proliferations and precursors
Introduction 11
Usual ductal hyperplasia 13
Columnar cell lesions, including flat epithelial atypia 15
Atypical ductal hyperplasia 18
Adenosis and benign sclerosing lesions
Introduction 22
Sclerosing adenosis 22
Apocrine adenosis and adenoma 25
Microglandular adenosis 28
Radial scar / complex sclerosing lesion 30
Adenomas
Introduction 32
Tubular adenoma 32
Lactating adenoma 35
Ductal adenoma 37
Epithelial-myoepithelial tumours
Introduction 39
Pleomorphic adenoma 40
Adenomyoepithelioma 43
Malignant adenomyoepithelioma 46
Papillary neoplasms
Introduction 49
Intraductal papilloma 52
Papillary ductal carcinoma in situ 57
Encapsulated papillary carcinoma 60
Solid papillary carcinoma (in situ and invasive) 63
Invasive papillary carcinoma 66
Non-invasive lobular neoplasia
Introduction 68
Atypical lobular hyperplasia 68
Lobular carcinoma in situ 71
Ductal carcinoma in situ
Introduction 75
Ductal carcinoma in situ 76
Invasive breast carcinoma
General overview 82
Invasive breast carcinoma of no special type 102
Microinvasive carcinoma 110
Invasive lobular carcinoma 114
Tubular carcinoma 119
Cribriform carcinoma 121
Mucinous carcinoma 123
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma 126
Invasive micropapillary carcinoma 128
Carcinoma with apocrine differentiation 131
Metaplastic carcinoma 134
Rare and salivary gland–type tumours
Introduction 139
Acinic cell carcinoma 139
Adenoid cystic carcinoma 142
Secretory carcinoma 146
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma 149
Polymorphous adenocarcinoma 151
Tall cell carcinoma with reversed polarity 153
Neuroendocrine neoplasms
Introduction 155
Neuroendocrine tumour 156
Neuroendocrine carcinoma 159
3 Fibroepithelial tumours and hamartomas of the breast 163
WHO classification of fibroepithelial tumours and
hamartomas of the breast 164
Introduction 165
Hamartoma 166
Fibroadenoma 168
Phyllodes tumour 172
4 Tumours of the nipple 177
WHO classification of tumours of the nipple 178
Introduction 179
Epithelial tumours
Syringomatous tumour 180
Nipple adenoma 182
Paget disease of the breast 184
5 Mesenchymal tumours of the breast 187
WHO classification of mesenchymal tumours of the breast 188
Introduction 189
Vascular tumours
Haemangioma 191
Angiomatosis 193
Atypical vascular lesions 195
Postradiation angiosarcoma of the breast 197
Primary angiosarcoma of the breast 200
Fibroblastic and myofibroblastic tumours
Nodular fasciitis 202
Myofibroblastoma 204
Desmoid fibromatosis 206
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour 209
Peripheral nerve sheath tumours
Schwannoma 211
Neurofibroma 213
Granular cell tumour 215
Smooth muscle tumours
Leiomyoma 217
Leiomyosarcoma 219
Adipocytic tumours
Lipoma 221
Angiolipoma 223
Liposarcoma 225
Other mesenchymal tumours and tumour-like conditions
Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia 228
6 Haematolymphoid tumours of the breast 231
WHO classification of haematolymphoid tumours
of the breast 232
Introduction 233
Lymphoma
Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-
associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma) 235
Follicular lymphoma 238
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma 240
Burkitt lymphoma 242
Breast implant–associated anaplastic large cell
lymphoma 245
7 Tumours of the male breast 249
WHO classification of tumours of the male breast 250
Introduction 251
Epithelial tumours
Gynaecomastia 252
Carcinoma in situ 255
Invasive carcinoma 257
8 Metastases to the breast 261
9 Genetic tumour syndromes of the breast 267
Introduction 268
BRCA1/2-associated hereditary breast and ovarian cancer
syndrome 270
Cowden syndrome 275
Ataxia–telangiectasia 277
Li–Fraumeni syndrome, TP53-associated 279
Li–Fraumeni syndrome, CHEK2-associated 282
CDH1-associated breast cancer 284
PALB2-associated cancers 286
Peutz–Jeghers syndrome 288
Neurofibromatosis type 1 290
The polygenic component of breast cancer susceptibility 292
Contributors 299
Declaration of interests 305
IARC/WHO Committee for ICD-O 306
Sources 307
References 311
Subject index 349
Previous volumes in the series 356