Contents
List of abbreviations xi
Foreword xii
ICD-O topographical coding 1
ICD-O morphological coding 1
Tumours of the kidney 2
Tumours of the urinary tract 4
Tumours of the prostate 6
Tumours of the seminal vesicle 7
Tumours of the testis 8
Tumours of the testicular adnexa 10
Tumours of the penis and scrotum 11
Neuroendocrine neoplasms 12
Mesenchymal tumours 12
Haematolymphoid tumours 14
Melanocytic lesions 15
TNM staging of urological tumours 16
Carcinomas of the penis 17
Adenocarcinomas of the prostate 18
Germ cell tumours of the testis 20
Renal cell carcinoma 22
Carcinomas of the renal pelvis and ureter 23
Carcinomas of the urinary bladder 24
Carcinomas of the urethra 25
1 Introduction to urinary and male genital tumours 27
2 Tumours of the kidney 31
Renal cell tumours
Introduction 32
Clear cell renal tumours
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma 38
Multilocular cystic renal neoplasm of low malignant
potential 43
Papillary renal tumours
Renal papillary adenoma 45
Papillary renal cell carcinoma 47
Oncocytic and chromophobe renal tumours
Oncocytoma of the kidney 50
Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma 53
Other oncocytic tumours of the kidney 56
Collecting duct tumours
Collecting duct carcinoma 59
Other renal tumours
Clear cell papillary renal cell tumour 61
Mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma 63
Tubulocystic renal cell carcinoma 65
Acquired cystic disease–associated renal cell
carcinoma 67
Eosinophilic solid and cystic renal cell carcinoma 69
Renal cell carcinoma NOS 71
Molecularly defined renal carcinomas
TFE3-rearranged renal cell carcinomas 72
TFEB-altered renal cell carcinomas 74
ELOC (formerly TCEB1)-mutated renal cell carcinoma 76
Fumarate hydratase–deficient renal cell carcinoma 78
Succinate dehydrogenase–deficient renal cell
carcinoma 80
ALK-rearranged renal cell carcinomas 82
SMARCB1-deficient renal medullary carcinoma 84
Metanephric tumours
Metanephric adenoma 87
Metanephric adenofibroma 90
Metanephric stromal tumour 92
Mixed epithelial and stromal renal tumours
Mixed epithelial and stromal tumour of the kidney 94
Paediatric cystic nephroma 96
Renal mesenchymal tumours
Adult renal mesenchymal tumours
Classic angiomyolipoma / PEComa of the kidney 98
Epithelioid angiomyolipoma / epithelioid PEComa of
the kidney 102
Renal haemangioblastoma 105
Juxtaglomerular cell tumour 107
Renomedullary interstitial cell tumour 109
Paediatric renal mesenchymal tumours
Ossifying renal tumour of infancy 111
Congenital mesoblastic nephroma 112
Rhabdoid tumour of the kidney 114
Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney 116
Embryonal neoplasms of the kidney
Nephroblastic tumours
Nephrogenic rests 119
Cystic partially differentiated nephroblastoma 121
Nephroblastoma 123
Miscellaneous renal tumours
Germ cell tumours of the kidney 129
3 Tumours of the urinary tract 131
Introduction 132
Urothelial tumours
Non-invasive urothelial neoplasms
Urothelial papilloma 134
Inverted urothelial papilloma 136
Papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant
potential 138
Non-invasive papillary urothelial carcinoma, low-
grade 140
Non-invasive papillary urothelial carcinoma, high-
grade 143
Urothelial carcinoma in situ 147
Invasive urothelial neoplasms
Invasive urothelial carcinoma 150
Squamous cell neoplasms of the urinary tract
Squamous papilloma of the urothelial tract 166
Squamous cell carcinomas of the urinary tract
Verrucous carcinoma of the bladder 167
Pure squamous carcinoma of the urothelial tract 169
Glandular neoplasms
Adenomas
Villous adenoma 172
Adenocarcinomas
Adenocarcinoma NOS 173
Urachal and diverticular neoplasms
Urachal carcinoma 177
Diverticular carcinoma 181
Urethral neoplasms
Urethral accessory gland carcinomas
Littré gland adenocarcinoma 183
Skene gland adenocarcinoma 185
Cowper gland adenocarcinoma 186Tumours of Müllerian type
Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the urinary tract 188
Endometrioid carcinoma of the urinary tract 190
4 Tumours of the prostate 193
Introduction 194
Epithelial tumours of the prostate
Glandular neoplasms of the prostate
Prostatic cystadenoma 196
High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia 198
Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate 200
Prostatic acinar adenocarcinoma 203
Prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma 220
Treatment-related neuroendocrine prostatic carci-
noma 223
Squamous neoplasms of the prostate
Adenosquamous carcinoma of the prostate 225
Squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate 227
Adenoid cystic (basal cell) carcinoma of the prostate 229
Mesenchymal tumours unique to the prostate
Stromal tumours of the prostate
Prostatic stromal tumour of uncertain malignant
potential 231
Prostatic stromal sarcoma 233
5 Tumours of the seminal vesicle 235
Introduction 236
Epithelial tumours
Glandular neoplasms
Cystadenoma 237
Adenocarcinoma 238
Squamous neoplasms
Squamous cell carcinoma 240
Other tumours
Mixed epithelial and stromal tumour 241
6 Tumours of the testis 243
Introduction 244
Germ cell tumours derived from germ cell neoplasia in situ
Non-invasive germ cell neoplasia
Germ cell neoplasia in situ 250
Specific forms of intratubular germ cell neoplasia 253
Gonadoblastoma 255
The germinoma family of tumours
Seminoma 258
Non-seminomatous germ cell tumours
Embryonal carcinoma 262
Yolk sac tumour, postpubertal-type 265
Choriocarcinoma 268
Placental site trophoblastic tumour 271
Epithelioid trophoblastic tumour 273
Cystic trophoblastic tumour 275
Teratoma, postpubertal-type 277
Teratoma with somatic-type malignancy 281
Mixed germ cell tumours of the testis
Mixed germ cell tumours 284
Germ cell tumours of unknown type
Regressed germ cell tumours 286
Germ cell tumours unrelated to germ cell neoplasia in situ
Spermatocytic tumour 288
Teratoma, prepubertal-type 291
Yolk sac tumour, prepubertal-type 293
Testicular neuroendocrine tumour, prepubertal-type 295
Mixed teratoma and yolk sac tumour, prepuber-
tal-type 297
Sex cord stromal tumours of the testis
Leydig cell tumour
Leydig cell tumour 299
Sertoli cell tumours
Sertoli cell tumour 302
Large cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumour 305
Granulosa cell tumours
Adult granulosa cell tumour 307
Juvenile granulosa cell tumour 309
The fibroma thecoma family of tumours
Tumours in the fibroma thecoma group 311
Mixed and other sex cord stromal tumours
Mixed sex cord stromal tumour 313
Signet ring stromal tumour 315
Myoid gonadal stromal tumour 317
Sex cord stromal tumour NOS 319
7 Tumours of the testicular adnexa 321
Introduction 322
Ovarian-type tumours of the collecting ducts and rete testis
Serous cystadenoma 326
Serous tumour of borderline malignancy 327
Serous cystadenocarcinoma 329
Mucinous cystadenoma 331
Mucinous borderline tumour 333
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma 335
Endometrioid tumours 337
Clear cell adenocarcinoma 339
Brenner tumour 340
Tumours of the collecting ducts and rete testis
Adenoma 341
Adenocarcinoma 342
Paratesticular mesothelial tumours
Adenomatoid tumour 343
Well-differentiated papillary mesothelial tumour 346
Mesothelioma 348
Tumours of the epididymis
Cystadenoma 351
Papillary cystadenoma 352
Adenocarcinoma 354
Squamous cell carcinoma 356
Melanotic neuroectodermal tumour 358
8 Tumours of the penis and scrotum 361
Introduction 362
Benign and precursor squamous lesions
Condyloma acuminatum 364
Squamous cell carcinoma precursors, HPV-associated
Penile intraepithelial neoplasia, HPV-associated 366
Squamous cell carcinoma precursors, HPV-independent
Differentiated penile intraepithelial neoplasia,
HPV-independent 369
Invasive epithelial tumours of the penis and scrotum
Invasive squamous epithelial tumours
HPV-associated squamous cell carcinoma 372
HPV-independent squamous cell carcinoma 375
Squamous cell carcinoma NOS 378
Other epithelial tumours
Penile adenosquamous and mucoepidermoid carci-
nomas 380
Extramammary Paget disease 381
Other scrotal tumours
Basal cell carcinoma of the scrotum 383
9 Neuroendocrine neoplasms 385
Introduction 386
Neuroendocrine tumours
Well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumour 387
Neuroendocrine carcinomas
Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma 389
Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma 392Mixed neuroendocrine neoplasms 394
Paragangliomas
Paraganglioma 397
10 Mesenchymal tumours 401
Introduction 402
Fibroblastic and myofibroblastic tumours
The angiofibroma family of tumours 403
Solitary fibrous tumour 405
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour 407
Vascular tumours
Haemangioma 409
Angiosarcoma 412
Pericytic (perivascular) tumours
Glomus tumour 414
Myointimoma 416
Myopericytoma 418
Extrarenal PEComa 419
Smooth muscle tumours
Leiomyoma 421
Leiomyosarcoma 423
Skeletal muscle tumours
Rhabdomyosarcoma 425
Tumours of uncertain differentiation
Synovial sarcoma 427
Extrarenal rhabdoid tumour 429
Desmoplastic small round cell tumour 431
11 Haematolymphoid tumours 433
Introduction 434
Mature B-cell lymphomas
Extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of MALT 436
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma 439
Plasmacytoma 442
Histiocytic tumours
Juvenile xanthogranuloma 445
12 Melanocytic lesions 447
Mucosal melanoma 448
13 Metastases in the genitourinary system 451
Introduction 452
Metastasis to the urinary tract 455
Metastasis to the kidney 457
Metastasis to the testis and paratestis 459
14 Genetic tumour syndromes of the urinary and male
genital tracts 461
Introduction 462
Von Hippel–Lindau syndrome 464
Birt–Hogg–Dubé syndrome 466
Hereditary papillary renal carcinoma 469
Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma
syndrome 471
Succinate dehydrogenase–deficient tumour syn-
dromes 474
BAP1 tumour predisposition syndrome 479
Hereditary phaeochromocytoma–paraganglioma
syndromes 481
Tuberous sclerosis 484
Genitourinary system and Lynch syndrome 487
Hereditary tumour syndromes associated with
homologous recombination pathway mutations 490
Carney complex 492
Peutz–Jeghers syndrome 494
Contributors 497
Declaration of interests 503
IARC/WHO Committee for ICD-O 504
Sources 505
References 511
Subject index 567
Previous volumes in the series 576