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Endoscopic spine surgery is the essence of the minimally invasive surgery technique. It’s a gradually developing field of spine surgery. Nevertheless, many doctors still have difficulties in acquiring an endoscope by themselves. This is especially true for transforaminal approach endoscopy. The editors of the book are pioneers in endoscopy and have had many interesting experiences related to transforaminal endoscopy. Since each patient has a different anatomy and disc shape, there are numerous practical techniques suitable for it, but few are specifically able to describe it. The main purpose of this book is to provide the essence of endoscopy to date, based on actual video images and practical techniques of transforaminal endoscopy accumulated over decades.
Pages i-viii
Front Matter
Pages 1-1
Historical Consideration for Transforaminal Endoscopy for Lumbar Spine
Pages 3-8
Anatomical Considerations of the Lumbar Spine for Transforaminal Access
Pages 9-19
Setting of Operation Room and Patient Position and Equipment
Pages 21-25
Instruments for Transforaminal Endoscopy and Its Handling
Pages 27-32
Historical Review and Pros and Cons of Different Surgical Approaches: Outside-In Vs. Inside-Out
Pages 33-40
Principles of Transforaminal Endoscopic Approach Technique
Pages 41-88
Front Matter
Pages 89-89
The Paramedian-Contained Disc Herniation
Pages 91-97
Paramedian Migrated Disc Herniation
Pages 99-161
Endoscopic Effort to Overcome Anatomical Barriers at L5/S1 Level
Pages 163-175
Pages 177-189
Various Other Disc Herniations
Pages 191-216
Endoscopic Annuloplasty for Discogenic Back Pain
Pages 217-226
Front Matter
Pages 227-227
Pages 229-245
Pages 247-256
Lumbar Foraminal Stenosis Combined with Disc Herniation
Pages 257-263
Front Matter
Pages 265-265
Incomplete Removal of Herniated Disc and Recurred Disc
Pages 267-275
Postoperative Infection After Transforaminal Endoscopic Lumbar Disc Surgeries
Pages 277-283
Pages 285-292
Pages 293-297
Radiation Risks Associated with Transforaminal Endoscopy for Lumbar Spine and Prevention Strategies
Pages 299-303
Pages 305-309
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