1.
Biology of Bone and Cartilage
................
1
Classification of Bone
.......................................
1
F
unctions of Bone
............................................
2
Gross Structure of Long Bone
........................
2
T
ypes of Bone T
issue
.......................................
2
Molecular Structure of Bone
...........................
4
Skeletogenesis/Bone F
or
mation
......................
10
Mechanism of Bone Growth
.........................
15
Cartilage
.........................................................
17
2.
Physiology of Bone
................................
25
Bone T
ur
nover
...............................................
25
Modeling and Remodeling
.............................
25
Basic Multicellular Unit (BMU)
.......................
26
Mechanical Influence on Bone
......................
26
Bone Regulators
.............................................
27
Purpose of Bone Remodeling
........................
28
Goals of Remodeling
.....................................
29
Remodeling Process
.......................................
29
3.
Prenatal Craniofacial Growth
................
33
P
eriod of Ovum
.............................................
33
P
eriod of Embr
yo
..........................................
34
F
etal P
eriod
....................................................
44
Development of T
emporomandibular
Joint (TMJ)
.....................................................
44
Changing Relationships in F
etal F
ace
............
44
4.
Principles of Growth
.............................
46
Growth P
atter
n
...............................................
47
Mechanism of Bone Growth
.........................
50
Growth Movements
.......................................
52
Growth Equivalents Concept/Enlow
Counterpart Principle
.....................................
55
5.
Control Mechanisms in
Craniofacial Growth
..............................
57
Changing P
aradigms of
Craniofacial Biology
.......................................
57
Site vs Center
................................................
60
Controlling F
actors in Craniofacial Growth
...
60
Theories of Bone Growth
..............................
63
6.
P
ostnatal Growth of the Craniofacial
Skeleton
................................................
86
P
ostnatal Growth of Cranial V
ault/Calvaria
...
86
Cranial Base
...................................................
89
Nasomaxillary Complex
.................................
92
Mandible
........................................................
97
T
emporomandibular Joint
............................
104
Dynamics of F
acial Growth
..........................
105
7.
Development of Human Dentition,
Supporting Structures
and Occlusion
.....................................
109
Prenatal Development of Maxilla
and Mandible
...............................................
109
Chronology of Human Dentition
................
116
Eruption of T
ooth
........................................
117
Evolution of T
eeth
.......................................
123
Development of Occlusion
...........................
126
8.
Growth of Soft Tissues
........................
137
Significance of Studying
Soft Tissue Growth
......................................
137
Methods of Studying Soft Tissue Growth
and Assessment of Balanced Profile
Moorhead, Swanson, Johnson