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RBD: Historical Perspective
Pages 3-8
This book describes a sleep disorder belonging to the category of parasomnias (i.e. the sleep behavioral and experiential disorders) characterized by abnormal vocal and motor behaviors in the context of vivid dreams and loss of the customary muscle atonia during the stage of sleep called REM sleep. REM-atonia - one of the defining features of REM sleep, along with rapid-eye-movements and a highly activated brain state - serves a protective function, preventing the dreamer from acting-out dreams and becoming injured. REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) was first described in 1986 by Schenck and colleagues; since then the understanding of the condition has increased exponentially, also pointing out its strong association with the development of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by alpha synuclein deposition, such as Parkinson’s disease, Dementia with Lewy bodies, and Multiple System Atrophy. Furthermore, RBD is now considered one of the earliest markers of ongoing alpha synuclein neurodegeneration, and provides a window of opportunity for testing disease modifying therapies that may slow down or halt the progression of these disorders for which there is currently no cure.
Additionally, RBD is today known to be present in more than 50% of patients with narcolepsy-cataplexy, and can also be triggered by the most commonly prescribed antidepressant medications (e.g. SSRIs, venlafaxine). RBD has been documented as occurring, with variable frequency, with virtually every category of neurologic disease and has also helped expand the field of dream research.
The volume Editors have pioneered scientific and clinical advances in the field and, partnering with leading sleep clinicians and researchers on this book, have produced an invaluable guide to specialists in sleep medicine, neurology, psychiatry and psychology. There are also strong contributions in this book by leading basic science researchers, and so this book should also appeal to neuroscientists. As stated in the book, "RBD is situated at a strategic and busy crossroads of sleep medicine and the neurosciences. RBD offers great breadth and depth of research opportunities, including extensive inter-disciplinary and multinational research opportunities...RBD is an 'experiment of Nature' in which knowledge from the study of motor-behavioral dyscontrol during REM sleep, with dream-enactment, has cast a broad and powerful light on a multitude of Central Nervous System disturbances, their evolution, and their comorbidities."
RBD: Historical Perspective
Pages 3-8
The Human Dimension of RBD
Pages 9-18
The Foundation of the International RBD Study Group (IRBDSG)
Pages 19-30
Clinical Aspects of Idiopathic RBD
Pages 33-52
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Associated with Parkinson’s Disease and Multiple System Atrophy
Pages 53-65
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Associated with Dementia with Lewy Bodies
Pages 67-76
RBD and Non-synuclein Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Critical Appraisal
Pages 77-91
RBD Associated with Paraneoplastic Neurological Syndromes and Autoimmune Disorders
Pages 93-106
Lesional RBD
Pages 107-121
RBD, Antidepressant Medications, and Psychiatric Disorders
Pages 123-134
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder in Narcolepsy
Pages 135-151
Acute REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
Pages 153-171
Physiological Substrates of RBD Subtypes
Pages 173-186
RBD in Childhood and Adolescence
Pages 187-200
RBD in Adults Under 50 Years Old
Pages 201-214
RBD: Gender Implications
Pages 215-222
RBD: A Window into the Dreaming Process
Pages 223-242
Diagnosis of REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
Pages 245-254
Instruments for Screening, Diagnosis and Assessment of RBD Severity and Monitoring Treatment Outcome
Pages 255-269
Selective Polysomnographic Findings in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) and Parkinson’s Disease
Pages 271-279
Video Analysis of Behaviors and Movements in RBD
Pages 281-289
Clinical Vignettes: Illustrative, Unusual, and Challenging RBD Cases
Pages 291-304
Management of a Patient with RBD
Pages 305-314
Melatonin Therapy of RBD
Pages 315-331
Clonazepam and Other Therapies of RBD
Pages 333-345
Differential Diagnosis and Related Disorders: RBD Mimics
Pages 347-358
Parasomnia Overlap Disorder: RBD and NREM Parasomnias
Pages 359-369
Status Dissociatus and Its Relation to RBD
Pages 371-386
Local Cortical Activations During REM Sleep and Implications for RBD
Pages 389-401
Brain Imaging in RBD
Pages 403-445
The Electromyographic Diagnosis of REM Sleep Without Atonia and REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
Pages 447-464
RBD and the Autonomic Nervous System
Pages 465-474
Cardiac Scintigraphy in RBD
Pages 475-489
Neuropsychological Aspects: Cognition in RBD
Pages 491-507
Neuropsychological Aspects: Impulse-Control Disorders and Other Neuropsychiatric Features in RBD
Pages 509-525
Biomarkers of Neurodegenerative Disease in Idiopathic RBD
Pages 527-540
RBD, Gastric Peptides, and Gastric Motility
Pages 541-545
Gait and Postural Disorders in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
Pages 547-556
Neural Circuitry Regulating REM Sleep and Its Implication in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
Pages 559-577
Neuropathology of REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
Pages 579-587
Genetics of REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
Pages 589-609
Animal Models of REM Sleep Behavior Disorder
Pages 611-623
REM Sleep Behavior Disorder: The Link Between Synucleinopathies and REM Sleep Circuits
Pages 625-637
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