List of contributors vii

Foreword xii

Preface xiii

Section 1: Basic principles of lasers and LEDs

1 Physics of lasers and LEDs: Basic concepts 3
Clóvis Grecco, José Dirceu Vollet-Filho, Mariana Torres Carvalho, and Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato

2 High power lasers and their interaction with biological tissues 11
Denise Maria Zezell and Patricia Aparecida Ana

3 Low power lasers: Introduction 19
Maria Cristina Chavantes, Martha Simões Ribeiro, and Nathali Cordeiro Pinto

4 Cellular mechanisms of photobiomodulation 23
Tiina I. Karu

5 Low level laser therapy – mechanism of action: Inflammatory process 27
Jan Magnus Bjordal Rodrigo Alvaro Brandão Lopes-Martins and Lucio Frigo

6 Low level laser therapy – mechanism of action: Analgesia 34
Roberta Chow

7 Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in dentistry 40
Felipe F. Sperandio, Caetano P. Sabino, Daniela Vecchio, Maria Garcia-Diaz, Liyi Huang, Ying-Ying Huang, and Michael R. Hamblin

8 Dosimetry 48
Jan Tunér, Martha Simões Ribeiro, and Alyne Simões

9 Risk management and the safe use of laser technology 56
Rosely Cordon and Dalva Cruz Laganá

Section 2: Preventive, esthetic, and restorative dentistry

10 Selective caries removal, cavity preparation and adhesion to irradiated tissues 65
Patricia Moreira de Freitas, Marcelo Giannini, Junji Tagami, and Simone Gonçalves Moretto

11 Management of non-carious cervical lesions 72
Ana Cecilia Corrêa Aranha, Karen Müller Ramalho, and Marcella Esteves-Oliveira

12 Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy for carious tissue 80
Giselle Rodrigues de Sant’Anna and Danilo Antônio Duarte

13 Treatment of internal ceramic surfaces 88
Carlos de Paula Eduardo, Marina Stella Bello-Silva, and Paulo Francisco Cesar

14 Dental bleaching with LEDs and lasers 92
Fátima Zanin, Aldo Brugnera Jr, and Mateus Cóstola Windlin

15 Caries diagnosis 104
Mariana Minatel Braga, Thais Gimenez, Fausto Medeiros Mendes, Christopher Deery, and David N. J. Ricketts

16 Lasers in caries prevention 126
Lidiany Karla Azevedo Rodrigues, Patricia Moreira de Freitas, and Marinês Nobre-dos-Santos

Section 3: Endodontics

17 Bacterial reduction in root canals using antimicrobial photodynamic therapy 133
Aguinaldo S. Garcez and Silvia C. Núñez

18 High power lasers in apical surgery 139
Sheila C. Gouw-Soares, José Luiz Lage-Marques, and Cláudia Strefezza

19 High power lasers in endodontics 143
José Luiz Lage–Marques, Sheila C. Gouw Soares, and Cláudia Strefezza

Section 4: Periodontology

20 Surgical and non-surgical treatment of periodontal diseases 153
Leticia Helena Theodoro and Valdir Gouveia Garcia

21 Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in the treatment of periodontal diseases 159
Valdir Gouveia Garcia and Letícia Helena Theodoro

22 Esthetic treatment of gingival melanin hyperpigmentation with the Er:YAG laser 166
Daniel Simões A. Rosa and Akira Aoki

Section 5: Oral surgery

23 Lasers in soft tissues surgeries 175
Luciane Hiramatsu Azevedo, Marines Sammamed Freire Trevisan, and Ana Maria Aparecida de Souza

24 Implantodontology 179
Juliana Marotti and Georgios E. Romanos

25 Bone biomodulation 196
Antonio Luiz Barbosa Pinheiro, Aparecida Maria Cordeiro Marques, Luiz Guilherme Pinheiro Soares, and Artur Felipe Santos Barbosa

26 Use of low level laser therapy in lymphatic drainage for edema 207
Luciana Almeida-Lopes and Attilio Lopes

Section 6: Orthodontics and orofacial pain

27 Temporomandibular disorders 223
Caroline Maria Gomes Dantas and Carolina Lapaz Vivan

28 Low level lasers in orthodontics 229
Marinês Vieira S. Sousa

29 Traditional Chinese medicine and laser therapy 238
Mario Pansini, Fabiano Augusto Sfier de Mello, and Andrea Malluf Dabul de Mello

Section 7: Treatment of oral and facial lesions

30 Papilloma and fibroma 245
Luiz Alcino Gueiros, Igor Henrique Silva, Lucia de Fátima Cavalcanti dos Santos, and Jair Carneiro Leão

31 Hemangioma and lymphangioma 248
Luciane Hiramatsu Azevedo and Cláudia Strefezza

32 Non-neoplastic proliferative lesions or soft tissue tumor-like lesions of the oral cavity 253
Vivian Cunha Galletta Kern, Edgar Kazuyoshi Nakajima, Rodrigo Ramos Vieira, and Luciane Hiramatsu Azevedo

33 Oral mucocele 261
Luciana Corrêa and Luciane Hiramatsu Azevedo

34 Potentially malignant disorders of the oral mucosa 265
Vivian Cunha Galletta Kern, Ana Claudia Luiz, Edgar Nakajima, Luciane Hiramatsu Azevedo, and Dante Antonio Migliari

35 Herpes 272
Juliana Marotti

36 Recurrent aphthous ulcers 285
Leila Soares Ferreira and Daiane Thais Meneguzzo

37 Burning mouth syndrome 290
Lucia de Fátima Cavalcanti dos Santos and Jair Carneiro Leão

38 Nerve repair by light 293
Felipe F. Sperandio, Ying-Ying Huang, Nivaldo Parizotto, and Michael R. Hamblin

Section 8: Laser and antimicrobial photodynamic therapies in cancer patients

39 Optical diagnosis of cancer and potentially malignant lesions 305
Cristina Kurachi, Lilian Tan Moriyama, and Alessandro Cosci

40 Low level laser therapy in the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis 321
Alyne Simões, Fernanda de Paula Eduardo, Cesar A. Migliorati, and Mark M. Schubert

41 Cost-effectiveness of laser therapyin hospital practice 331
Leticia Mello Bezinelli and Luciana Corrêa

42 Low Level Laser Therapy for hyposalivation and xerostomia 335
Alyne Simões, Luana de Campos, Victor Elias Arana-Chavez, and José Nicolau

43 Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in cancerpatients 340
Luana de Campos, Cesar A. Migliorati, and Alyne Simões

44 Photodynamic therapy in cancer treatment 346
Juliana Ferreira-Strixino and Elodie Debefve

Index 351